Gear-tooth-generating machine



(No Model.)

H. G. WARREN. GEAR TOOTH GENERATING MACHINE.

Patented June 21,1898.

' In vendor:

Herbert UPI arm. .39 fair Jttwwqx Witness es.-

@lwa flm UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

HERBERT C. IVARREN, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

GEAR-TOOTH-GENERATING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 605,983, dated June 21, 1898.

Application filed December 15, 1897. Serial No. 661,986. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern/.-

Be it known that I, HERBERT O. WARREN, a citizen of the United States, residing in Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gea'r-Teeth-Shaping Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a machine or apparatus for shaping the side faces of gearteeth, and is distinguishable from the class of machines known as gear-cutting machines and gear-tooth generating I machines in that the present machine is not intended to generate a tooth by cutting successive toothspaces in a blank, but is primarily intended to shape, true, dress, or finish the side faces of the teeth of a rough or an approximately true gear or toothed-gear blank.

An object of my present invention is to furnish amachine or apparatus of the class specified comprehending a gear-blank carrier and means, including a planing, dressing, orcompressing tool, for planing, dressing, or compressing the side face of a blank-tooth transversely of its length, or from the crown to the base thereof, while rolling the gear-blank and planing-tool relatively to each other after the manner of two intermeshing gears.

A further object of the invention is to furnish a machine of the class specified comprehending an oscillatory gear-blank carrier; an oscillatory tool-carrier; a planing, dressing, or shaping tool supported on the tool-carrier in position to operate upon the'side face of a tooth of the blank carried by the blank-carrier and having a serrated cutting-face of a length not less than the length of the toothface to be cut, and actuating mechanism embodying a connector between the two carriers and effective for simultaneously oscillating said carriers in a manner whereby the gear-blank and tool will have a rolling'action one upon the other, and whereby the tool will at the same time have an advancing planing movement crosswise of the length of .the tooth and from the top toward the bottom of the tooth-face and will remove successive fulllength face portions of said tooth at successive points in such movements.

The principle developed in an apparatus including a planing, dressing, or shaping tool operable for planing or dressing the side faces of the blank-tooth transversely of its length, or from the crown tothe base, and at the same time rolling the gear-blank and planing or dressing tool one upon the other, involves a method which is, sofar as I am aware, radically new in the art. Therefore it is distinctly to be understood that I do not limit myself to the specific means illustrated in the accompanying drawings for developing this principle, as modifications of such means may be practically employed within the purview of said invention.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of one simplified form of gear-toothshaping machine embodying my present invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on the dotted line a a, Fig. 1, and shows the parts at the right of said line. Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of the toothed-gear blank and the planing-tool shown in Fig. 1, said section being. taken on a line corresponding with the dotted line b b, Fig. 1, and shows a portion of the gear and planing-tool below said line. Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the operation of shaping or planing two opposite sides of two adjacent teeth by two planing tools, the dotted lines tangent to successive portions of the tooth representing successive positions ofthe planing-face of said tool during the advancing movement thereof along the side face of the tooth from the top to the bottom thereof. Figs. 5 and 6 are end and side views, respectively, of one form of planing-tool having one inclined serrated cuttingface. Fig. 7 is an end View of a planing-tool having two oppositely-inclined serrated cutting-faces; and Fig. 8 is an end view of a tool of a general contour similar to that shown in Figs. 5 and 6, but having a smooth burnishing or compressing face.

Similar characters designate like parts in all the figures of the drawings.

Asa preamble to the detailed description of the machine or apparatus illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it is desired to state that the terms non-rotary, shaping, or planing tool herein employed signify any suitable form of automatically-operated tool, other than a rotary cutter, capable ofshaping ICO ing means for supporting the tool and for facilitating an oscillatory or rotary reciprocatory movement of said tool about an axis so disposed as to enable the tool to have a rolling action on the blank in the manner of the tooth of a gear rolling in the tooth-space of an intermeshing gear.

The apparatus illustrated in the accompanying drawings is shown, for the purpose of simplicity, as a special machine adapted for treating special size bevel-gears, and in so far as the gear-blank carrier, tool-carrier, and connecting and actuating mechanism therefor are concerned they are similar in a general way to the apparatus described in my contemporaneously-pending application, Serial No. 642,612, filed. June 28, 1897.

In the drawings I have shown two planing or dressing tools set side by side in position for planing or dressing opposite faces of adjacent teeth, one tool being positioned for operating upon and dressing one face of one tooth and the other tool for simultaneously operating upon and dressing the opposite face of the next adjacent tooth.

It is to be understood in the above connection, that while it is preferable to employ two planing or dressing tools so disposed as to operate upon opposite faces, respectively, of adjacent teeth simultaneously, I do not limit myself to the employment of any particular number or disposition of such tools, as one or more tools may practically be employed and disposed in any suitable manner.

The framework, which maybe of any suitable general construction, for supporting the several fixed and movable parts of the machine is shown comprising a main body portion or bed B, having at one end thereof an upwardly-extendcd overhanging arm B, furnished at its upper end with a bearing 2, in which is rotatably supported the gear-blank carrier 0.

Extending upward from the opposite end of the bed B is a post 13 having at the upper end a horizontal bearing 3, in which is journaled the rock shaft or stud 4 of the tool-carrier, which is designated in a general way by O.

In the form thereof shown in the acco1npa nying drawings the axis (indicated by the dotted line :23) of the blank-carrier O is oblique to and intersects the axis (indicated by the dotted line 1 of the tool-carrier C, the point of intersection of said axes being indicated by the dotted circle g, Fig. 1 of the drawings, said point of intersection being coincident with the apex of the gear-blank cone illustrated in dotted lines in Fig. 1.)

The gear-blank carrier 0 and the tool-carrier C of my present machine are shown similar in construction and organization to like parts in the gear-tooth-gencrating machine described in Letters Patent of the United States No. 547,571, granted to me October 8, 1895, to which reference may be had.

The term gear-blank as herein employed signifies any suitable form of blank having peripheral notches or tooth-spaces, each of which is of a depth equal to the depth of a finished tooth and of a width suliicient to permit the entrance and exit of the planing or dressing tool '1.

The tool'carrier C, in the preferred form thereof shown in the accompanying drawings, comprises three members, one of which is in the nature of a tool-slide carrier (designated in a general way by C supported for oscillatory movement about the axis y, and

the other two members of which are shown as tool-s1ides 5 and 6, supported on the toolslide carrier C for adjustment in paths intersecting the path of oscillation of said carrier and in paths radial to a common center.

The planing or dressing tools, which are shown as two in number and each of which is designated by T, are supported side by side with their cutting or dressing faces in oblique planes radial to the common center 9, said tools being fixedly secured to the toolslides 5 and 6.

The tool-slides 5 and 6 are preferably supported for adjustment in guideways 5 and 6' on the slide-carrier C and are located one at each side the oscillatory path of movement of said carrier.

The gear-blank carrier 0, which may be similar in a general way to the gear-blank carrier described in the patent referred to, is shown in Fig. 1, comprising an arbor or spindle journaled for rotary reciprocatory movements, as before stated, in the bearing 2 at the upper end of the overhanging arm 13'.

The gear-blank, which is designated by G, may be secured to the blank-carrier in any suitable manner.

As a simple and convenient means for imparting oscillatory or rotary reciprocatory movements to the tool-carrier and blank-carrier simultaneously and also for maintaining a predetermined ratio of velocity bet-ween said carriers, I have provided an actuatingconnector between and directly connecting the two carriers, and adapted, when one carrier is oscillated, for eifectin g an oscillatory movement of the other carrier simultane ousl y, and I have provided, in connection with one of said carriers, a carrier-oscillating device which may in practice embodynieans whereby the range of oscillatory movement of said carrier may be arbitrarily changed.

The actuating-connector between the two carriers comprises, in the preferred form thereof shown in the accompanying drawings) two oscillatory members (designated by c and c) secured to the two carriers 0 and C, respectively, and so connected at their adjacent ends that an oscillatory movement of.

one carrier and the member secured thereto will impart an oscillatory movement in the same direction to .the other member and its carrier. These two oscillatory members 0 and c are shown. in the nature of intermeshing bevel-gear segments, one of which, as c, is removably secured to the gear-blank carrier G, and the other of which, as c, is removably secured to the tool-carrier C, the apex of the tooth-face angles of the bevel-gear segments 0 and 6 being coincident with the common center 9 or the point of intersection of the axial lines wand y of the two carriers 0 and 0.

As a convenient means for actuating one of the carriers to effect an oscillatory movement of both carriers I have provided a carrier-oscillatin g device, which is designated in a general way by H and which in the accompanying drawings is shown in operative connection with the tool-carrier O. The carrieroscillating device II is shown comprising a pitman 9, pivotally secured at its upper end to the outer end of a crank-arm 10, fixed to the rock-shaft 4: of the tool-carrier and pivotally secured at its lower end to a crank-pin 12 on a rotating member 13, fixed to the shaft 14, journaled in a bearing 15 on the base B of the machine, and which shaft 14 is provided at the opposite end thereof with a band-wheel 16, which may be driven by a belt and from any suitable source of power. (Not shown.)

To form a theoretically-correct tooth-face by a tool having its effective working strokes at successively-changing angles tangent to the tooth-face in a direction transverse to the length of the tooth and to facilitate the removal or shaping of successive full-length portions of said tooth-face during the movements of said tool from the crown to the base of said tooth, it is necessary to employa planing or dressing tool of peculiar construction.

The preferred form of planing or dressing tool employed in connection with the other parts of the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawings comprises an elongated bar or plate 17, of a maximum thickness less than the width a tooth-space of the gear-blank and of a length preferably not less than the length of the tooth-face to be shaped, said bar having an inclined serrated cutting, dressing, or compressing face 18, the serrations of which extend longitudinally thereof from end to end, the narrowest portion being at the forward end of the tool, as will be understood by reference to Figs. 1, 5, and 6 of the drawings.

In Fig. 7 the tool T is shown having a truncated V-shaped cutting end the oppositefaces of which are serrated in the same manner as the one face of the tool illustrated in Figs. 5 and G.

ing gear, the cutting or dressing face 18 of the tool during the rotary reciprocatory movements of the gear-blank G and planing-tool T assuming the successively different angles indicated by the dotted lines it, '5, j, 75, l, m,

and n in the diagram Fig. 4, said tool simultaneously advancing along the side face of the gear-tooth from the crown to the base thereof andcutting, dressing, or shaping successive full-length portions of said face, the

cutting-faces 19 of the serrations of the planing or dressing tool being disposed substantially at right angles to the line of movement of said tool. 1

In practice the machine will be provided I with suitable mechanism for indexing the blank, which mechanism may be similar to that shown and described in the patent re ferred to. Y

Having described my invention, I claim 1. A gear-tooth-shaping machine comprehending a carrier for the gear-blank; a nonrotary shaping-tool mounted, with respect to the blank, to have aworking stroke in a curvilinear path transverse to the longitudinal plane of the tooth being operated upon; and means for actuating the tool.

2. An apparatus of the class specified comprehending an oscillatory gear-blank carrier; an oscillatory tool-carrier a non-rotary shaping-tool mounted on the tool-carrier in position to operate upon toothed portions of the blank carried by said blank-carrier; and actuating means for imparting to the tool a curvilinear working stroke along the side face of the tooth from the crown to the base, and ina plane transversely of the length of, said tooth, and for concurrently oscillating the gear-blank carrier on its axis.

3. The combination, in a machine of the class specified, of an oscillatory blank-carrier; an oscillatory tool-carrier; a planing-tool mounted on the tool-carrier in position for operating upon the side face of the tooth of the blank carried by the blank-carrier, and having a serrated cutting-face; and actuating mechanism embodying a connector between the two carriers, and effective for sitool-carrier; a non-rotary shaping or dressing tool mounted on the tool-carrier in position for operating on the blank; and means, embodying a connector between the two carriers, for imparting to the tool a to0thshap ing stroke in a path transverse to the longitudinal plane of the tooth operated upon, and from the crown toward the base of said tooth, and for simultaneously imparting to the gearblank a rocking motion relatively to the tool.

5. An apparatus of the class specified comprehending a carrier for the gear-blank; a tool-carrier; a planing-tool mounted on the tool-carrier in position to operate upon the side face of a tooth of the gear-blank, and having a serrated cutting or dressing face; and actuating means forimparting to the tool a Workingstroke in a curvilinear path transverse to the longitudinal plane of said tooth, and from the crown to the base thereof.

6. An apparatus of the class specified comprehending a gear-blank carrier; a tool-carrier; a planing-tool mounted on the tool-carrier in position to operate upon the side face of a tooth of the gear-blank carried by the carrier, and having a serrated cutting-face of a length not less than the length of the tooth-face being operated upon; and actuating means operatively connecting the two carriers and effective for imparting to the tool a curvilinear working stroke transversely of the length of the tooth-face, withoutmovement of said tool longitudinally of the tooth, and from the crown to the base thereof, and for concurrently oscillating the gear-blank carrier whereby to eitect a rolling action between the blank and tool.

7. A gear-tooth-shaping machine embodying, in addition to a carrier for the gear-blank, a non-rotary shaping-tool mounted to have a curvilinear working stroke, with respect to the tooth to be shaped, in the direction of curvature of said tooth and transverse to the longitudinal plane thereof, and means embodying an actuating-connector between the two carriers for eifecting a motion of the gearblank concurrently with, and corresponding to, the curvilinear motion of the tool.

HERBERT O. XVARREN. Witnesses:

FRED. J. DOLE, EMORY G. VVHITNEY. 

